GEM STONE CARE

by Shweta Dhanuka

People wear gemstones for personal growth, healing the diseases and even for looking good. In order to experience the positive effects and power, it is necessary to give special attention to these gems. Colored gemstones require a little extra care to keep them valuable and in good condition.

Summary:

Gems are the precious and semi precious stones containing the divine energy that sustains, nourishes and enlivens all the living creatures. There are wide variety of gem stones found, each having it’s own unique characteristic. People wear gemstones for personal growth, healing the diseases and even for looking good. In order to experience the positive effects and power, it is necessary to give special attention to these gems. Colored gemstones require a little extra care to keep them valuable and in good condition. The instructions given by the gemstone seller are often inadequate for maintaining these valuable stones as they are quite delicate.

Diamonds are hard, strong and durable as compared to the gemstones. Therefore, the person wearing gemstones have to be more conscious towards maintaining these precious stones. Gemstones have to be cleaned so as to preserve them for longer time. If stones are worn daily then it becomes crucial to clean. The simplest and easiest ingredient available for cleaning is plain water. It is safe for all the gemstones. In case water seems insufficient to give back the shine of the stone then mild liquid soap can be used. Toothpick should be used to clean any debris from the stone. Detergents and soaps containing ammonia and acetone should be avoided completely.

After cleaning with water, dry with a soft cloth that do not shed threads or fibers. Jewelers use ultrasonic cleanser for cleaning the piece of stone jewelry. Be careful while it gets cleaned as the ultrasonic cleanser might disturb the jewelry setting. Gemstones being fragile are more prone to cracks and splits by this method. And always avoid the ultrasonic cleaning machines. Simple household methods to clean the stones are also quite effective. Boil one cup of water and add 1/2 teaspoon of tea leaves to it. Bring to boil, put off the flame and allow it cool (cool it on the normal room temperature) . Now take a glass bowl, place the stone in it and pour the prepared cooled tea solution over the stone. Keep the stone immersed in the solution for overnight, remove and rinse with clean plain water. Then dry with a wet soft cloth. Another is sand method. Take a glass bowl and pour sand into it. Sprinkle few drops of water on the sand to make it moist. Now, bury the stone in the moist sand without wrapping for 2-3 hours. It will get gems clean but be aware not to bury the gem for more than 3 hours else the polish might be removed.

Other than cleaning the stones, it is important to store the gemstones safely. Jewelry should be stored in soft cloth bags in a jewelry box. This preserves the valuable items and also protects from theft (as the jewelry is not seen directly). Jewelry items should not be piled over one another else it results in scratches and dents. Moreover, the gemstones in the jewelry might get cracked or split. Cotton is used widely for storing the gemstones and the jewelry. Make the cotton layer in the jewelry box and keep the items on the top of it. Then if desired cover the items with another cotton layer. This protects the valuable items from all sort of jerks. Gemstones and gemstone jewelry needs lot of care and precautions. When these items are used in daily life few things are to be remembered and followed like do not to wear the jewelry having stones while gardening, housework, auto repairs or playing sports.

Being very delicate, gemstones have to be worn cautiously. These stones cannot withstand temperature changes at all. Be aware not to wear any jewelry consisting these precious stone during extreme temperature like hot sun, cool pool or hot jacuzzi. Else the temperature changes can cause a crack or shatter in the gem. Stones like emeralds, turquoise, opal, amethyst and kunzite cannot bear heat. Due to heat, the stone might get faded, cracked or turn to be more brittle. Therefore, jewelry item having any of these stones have to be removed while working with hot ovens, washing & cleaning in hot water. Perfumes, hairsprays, lotions, cleansers, nail polish remover etc containing any chemical like alcohol, acetone and chlorine are very harmful to the gemstones. When exposed to these acidic solutions, the stones are more susceptible to loose the natural shine and luster. Emerald are too delicate and should be kept away from all sort of chemicals else it might get dissolved. These are the tips that can keep the gemstone precious and valuable and powerful forever. A little care can give the benefits for the lifetime.

IMMORTALIZE YOUR GEMS

by Basundhara Mitra

Aquamarine, which is a member of the important beryl family that includes emerald, is less brittle and more durable than emerald. It has a Mohs rating of 7.5 Stones that have a Mohs hardness of less than 8 are highly subject to scratching. However, stones that are harder are not invincible, they are also subject to chipping & fracture.

Summary:

If you are a gem of a person and desire that those glittering stone-studded jewellery of yours retain their twinkling dazzle as you pass them on from one generation to the next as family heirlooms, you need to bestow on them a little TLC. Just like your skin, your clothes, your dog or just about anything in this world, care & attention goes a long way in preserving the radiance of your precious gemstone ornaments. A diamond is forever – so are other gemstones – only if cared for in the proper fashion. To do so, we need to have a wee bit of technical knowledge about our treasured stones. The durability of a stone depends on its hardness – hardness in the jewellery industry is based on a gem-trade standard called the Mohs scale, conceived by Friedrich Mohs in the early 1800s.

The harder the stone, the higher is the Mohs scale rating. Diamonds, of course, have the highest scale rating of 10 and are considered the hardest of precious stones (rubies & sapphires rate at 9) while pearls (Mohs 2.5 – 4.5), amber (Mohs 2-2.5) and coral (Mohs 3.5-4) are some of the softest gems. Aquamarine, which is a member of the important beryl family that includes emerald, is less brittle and more durable than emerald. It has a Mohs rating of 7.5 Stones that have a Mohs hardness of less than 8 are highly subject to scratching. However, stones that are harder are not invincible, they are also subject to chipping & fracture. Therefore, the manner in which we wear, store & clean our gems, affects the longevity of their gleam. Wear it right It is best to remove fine jewellery before engaging in sports, housework, gardening, heavy or dirty work so that they are not subject to harsh impact, abrasives or dirt. A hard blow can chip even diamonds. Pearls, corals & porous stones such as opal or turquoise should be kept away from dirty water & oils to avoid discolouration.

Here are some tips to remember while you dress to kill:

* Always wear jewellery after applying cosmetics, hand lotions or hairspray, to prevent buildup of dirt and oil around the gem, which will keep it from sparkling. Hair-dyes and bleach also adversely affect gems.

* Chlorine in the swimming pool can cause damage to stones & gold.

* Never remove jewellery by tugging on the gemstone as it will become loose in its setting.

* Opals, pearls, coral, amber, turquoise & the softer gems are heat-sensitive & should not be exposed long to the hot sun, kept near radiators or in hot cars. Pearls bleach while amber darkens under extreme exposure to light. Light & heat affects the durability & colour of coloured stones & fades & weakens stones like amethyst, kunzite, quartz, topaz, and aquamarine. Excessive heat can also cause gems to fracture as it removes the natural moisture as well as fillers & oils in treated stones like emeralds.

* Soft & brittle stones must not be subject to hard wear, such as in constant-wear rings. They are better protected in dinner rings, pendants or earrings. Set it right Six prong settings offer more protection to a stone than a four prong one. Bezel settings are secure though difficult to remove & reset. Sharp corners such as the tip of marquise- cut stones are very vulnerable & should be protected by proper setting. Faceted stones with shallow crown angles are also prone to chipping & need extra protection.

Check Point

Check for loose stones & clasps frequently by tapping the piece with your finger near your ear. Pearls need to be restrung every 2 years. Emeralds need to be professionally retreated with oils & fillers after several years of wear & tear. Treasure chest Storing jewellery right is another key to a brilliant treasure cove. Locked away in piles, gems & metals can chip or abrade each other & get entangled. Each piece must be stored separately in velvet, silk, paper or in sections of a fragment pouch or box. Pearls & opals draw moisture from the air & therefore must not be stored in dry places or plastic sealed bags. Pearl & lapis necklaces should be stored flat. Aquamarine jewellery must be kept in a dark place, as it often becomes paler if left out in the sun. It is safe to pad gemstone jewels while travelling.

Sparkling clean Cleaning your priceless gems is a skill that is essential to master if you want your jewellery to outlast you. In cleaning non-porous gems like diamonds & rubies, washing in a weak solution of ammonia, rinsing & drying with a lint-free soft cloth is quite effective. On gems with Mohs hardness of 8 or above, it is safe to gently scrub with a soft toothbrush (though not on the metal setting). A moderate water jet like a dental cleaning appliance can be used to remove bits of grime. Harsh cleansers & vigorous scrubbing can remove the coatings used to enhance the beauty of stones. Aquamarines, which are the universal symbol of youth, hope, and health, are usually heat-treated and sometimes irradiated. These March birthstones should be cleaned in ultrasonic jewellery cleaner or with warm, soapy water and a soft bristle brush.

Do not clean in a home ultrasonic machine. Never use chemical cleaners. Avoid heat and overtly frequent cleaning at all costs as this light blue, blue-green or dark blue stone can pale easily. Like all stones, aquamarines are prone to scratches and brushes must be used gently. Soft gems such as pearls can be cleaned with warm soapy water & a new makeup brush & laid on a soft cloth to dry. Avoid touching the string till completely dry as the wet string can stretch. Porous stones like coral, opal, pearl & turquoise should not come in contact with acids, chemicals or solvents. Ultrasound cleaners are not advisable for gemstones like tanzanite, opals or even emeralds & rubies where the ultrasound removes the oil /resin treatment & expand existing fractures. Wipe gemstones with a clean, damp cloth after each wear to remove chemicals, oils & perspiration. It does not take much to protect your treasury of priceless stones. Just a little attention at the right time ensures that the glow of your scintillating gems matches with the beam in your eyes.

JEWELRY AND SKIN ALLERGY

by Shewata Dhanuka

The allergy that occurs by wearing original or artificial jewelry is referred as Nickel dermatitis or Contact dermatitis or Nickel allergy. It is basically a contact allergy. It can happen anytime at any age. Every single human body reacts to different degree with nickel depending upon the tolerance and susceptibility level.

Jewelries are treasured all over the universe. It is but true, that many people cannot wear jewelry inspite of their deep desire to wear it. Jewelry allergy is a common complaint from many people. Few even mention that they are allergic to gold/silver. The main cause of these allergies is the nickel content present in the gold and silver ornaments. Pure gold and silver metal are too soft to be mounted into any form therefore, jeweler mix nickel, zinc and copper into the pure metal to make it little hard enabling to give the desired shape to the metal. Zinc and copper do not harm the skin but skin is always sensitive to nickel. People wearing jewelries are allergic to nickel and not with the jewelry.

Gold itself is reactive and causes allergy but, mostly nickel is the main reason. Gold of any karat would contain nickel like 14K, 18K etc. Less the karat value more shall be the nickel content and so more problems therefore, it is always better to wear high karat gold jewelry. Some people have very sensitive skin thus, as soon as the skin comes in direct contact with nickel it results in allergy. In the same way silver is also mixed with nickel and copper to attain hardness and durability required to make the jewelry items.

Nickel is also used in jewelry made up platinum and white gold. Metal used in artificial jewelry contains nickel too. The platinum and white gold jewelry is quite expensive and beyond the affordability of the common man therefore, cases of allergies to this metal is heard less. Moreover, another reason is platinum and white gold are hardened by palladium that do not cause any allergies. Palladium is more expensive than nickel. Nickel is commonly used for gold and silver jewels as it costs less, gives better hardness and has strong lustrous effect.

The allergy that occurs by wearing original or artificial jewelry is referred as Nickel dermatitis or Contact dermatitis or Nickel allergy. It is basically a contact allergy. It can happen anytime at any age. Every single human body reacts to different degree with nickel depending upon the tolerance and susceptibility level. The allergy is caused when the skin comes in contact with the metal viz. white gold/yellow gold/silver/platinum consisting nickel. Through the pierced nose or ear hole, nickel penetrates inside the bloodstream of the body where the cells react in opposition to the presence of nickel. Once the cells react negatively, every time the skin comes in contact with the jewelry it causes the skin to erupt. As a result body develops allergy. This entire process may happen within few months or even take couple of years. It is different for all.

Another reason for the allergy is sweat. During the sunny days, when jewelry is worn for a longer duration, skin perspires under the jewelry. This perspiration comes in the contact with the jewelry metal, dissolves the nickel present in the metal and form nickel salts. Salt reacts with the skin and leads to the allergy. Women suffer more with this allergy than men. The symptoms of these allergies are
[1] Bleeding.
[2] Pierced hole in ear or nose swells and yellow coloured liquid known as pus comes out.
[3] There is a constant itching and burning sensation around the area where the skin comes in direct contact with the jewelry item. For example – Gold chain in the neck, earrings in the ear etc.
[4] Few people get a blue coloured patch in their finger, which is visible after the ring is removed. And also skin discolouration takes place.
[5] Rashes or patchy red marks appear on the skin under the jewelry.

It is a common practice to pierce nose and ears with a very thin gold wire. As the skin is tender and sensitive, it gets exposed to nickel present in gold and leads to allergy. In order to avoid the pain caused due to metal allergy, stainless steel needle must be used for piercing. And till the time entire healing of the pierced area takes place, only stainless steel jewelry should be worn. Stainless steel also contains nickel but as it is bound tightly, it seldom comes in direct contact with the skin.

Left over traces of soap and water under the jewelry breaks the protective shield of the skin and allows nickel to come into direct contact with the skin. Similarly, sweat of the body is responsible for the jewelry allergies. Earrings and finger rings are most likely to hold water after the bath. This is the reason why; some people experience awful smell in the earrings once it is removed from the ear. Being extra cautious while taking bath or washing hands can avoid these problems. Always ensure to wipe off the soap and water from the body fully.

While doing the household work, hands are washed countless times in a day. It is very obvious that detergent or other cleansing products and water are left under the ring and causes allergy. Mostly every person wears minimum one finger ring. To protect the fingers from the allergies, apply several coats of clear or transparent nail polish at the back of the ring. In same way nail polish can be applied to other jewelry items too. The problem of allergies will be solved.

Few other precautions that can be taken to avoid allergy are – apply talcum powder before wearing the jewelry to prevent the moisture. Do not wear tight earrings or rings or chains, leave little space so that air passes through it. Change the jewelry items more often. Keep the jewelry clean and dry.

People who are highly sensitive to nickel should get their jewelries lacquered, coated or plated with palladium to protect the direct contact of nickel with the bare skin. Dermatologists offer some medical treatments to cure the allergy. These treatments are effective only for short term. After some time irrespective of the treatment the allergy reappears.

Jewelry enhances the beauty and makes the wearer more charming. Unfortunately, few people have to bear pain of becoming beautiful as they suffer from the allergy. But, with these precautions and care the allergy can be avoided and they can continue to look good by wearing the fascinating jewelry items.

GEMSTONES FOR IT PROFESSIONALS

by Nandita Ray

Young IT professionals need to be absolutely in top shape. Armed with a prestigious degree is no guarantee to success. You need lady luck with you! You need determination, grit and perseverance in order to remain on top of your career because hurdles such as low energy, stress, unhealthy work environment, eye strain and the monotonous work ethics can be a big factor in poor review. Sometimes help is needed to keep the energy flowing and the power intact. This is where gemstones play their part. It is believed that certain gemstones carry the gift of influencing the wearer, in various ways.

The world is competitive, aggressive and tough especially for professionals who are battling it out in a world where success comes to those who are well equipped to deal with all the difficult times that is sure to befall them. Ambition and the burning desire to improve one’s status is not an easy ideal to uphold. Computer technology is the fastest growing career for eager ambitious young people. Increasing use of computers by professionals and youths alike has led to a changed lifestyle. Spending most of their time in front of the computer working, gaming, blogging, virtual networking (in sites like Second life, Myspace.com, Digg.com) has led to health problems.

IT professionals need to be absolutely in top shape. Armed with a prestigious degree is no guarantee to success. You need lady luck with you! You need determination, grit and perseverance in order to remain on top of your career because hurdles such as low energy, stress, unhealthy work environment, eye strain and the monotonous work ethics can be a big factor in poor review. Sometimes help is needed to keep the energy flowing and the power intact. This is where gemstones play their part. It is believed that certain gemstones carry the gift of influencing the wearer, in various ways.

History

Gems for gamersHistory records the use of precious and semi precious stones by mankind for spiritual growth, protection of physical self and for luck and prosperity. Egyptians favored Turquoise so did the Navajo Indians. Chinese believed in super naturals powers of jade while theNavaratna, the nine precious gemstones, held sway over the Indians from the Asian Sub continent. Many believe that the sun rays passing through the stones filter into the body, healing it. This is the reason why in ancient civilization people took to wearing precious stones with curative powers in rings, amulets and necklaces. Medicine men have used gemstone powders for medicines as well as rituals and religious ceremonies from times immemorial.

Holistic health

In the twenty first century more and more people are turning to nature for health, wealth and peace. People not only have stared believing in the power of the crystals and gemstones but have started keeping a crystal in their own private space so that the negative energy surrounding them is banished and positive energy replaced. Stones have not lost their curative powers and many people have felt better after wearing a particular stone meant for a specific problem. Each stone has its own powers since each stone is related to a particular planet.The color and the weight of a stone are also important. The color red is influenced by the Sun and heals poor circulation, hypertension and impatience while the color white connected with the Moon soothes and calms the mind, bringing in peace and tranquility. The color green influenced by Mercury helps in banishing lethargy, anxiety while Jupiter holds sway over the color yellow and is supposed to help strengthen a weak immune system. Each color and its corresponding planet have a definite power. Mental stress, weak eyesight, nerves, concentration, self confidence are some of the common problems that a young hard working individual often suffers from. The Sun, the gemstones and the human mind have an uncanny relationship. The splendor and brilliance of the stone has held man spell bound for years and the possessor, it is believed, is energized by the vibrations, as the stone weaves its magical and supernatural powers, healing him emotionally and physically.

Gemstones for IT professionals

Physical tiredness, stress, lack of concentration, vision problems and general health issues connected with office and office space can be resolved and corrected with the assistance of the right gemstone. Computer technologists are bearing the brunt of over use of their energies and are slowly being burned out. Constant work with the computer results in eye problems especially red and tired eyes. Apart from taking constant breaks from staring at the computer, restore the power of the eyes by wearing a ruby or similar red colored stone like garnet. Moonstone and pearl are known to soothe and calm troubled minds and many professionals have revived their sagging spirits and eased tension. While Jupiter and its yellow colored stone, yellow Topaz has helped in assisting a weak immune system and arterial circulation. Mercury and its green colored stone, the emerald promotes vigor and removes general lethargy.

Ruby for increasing physical energy

Ruby is ruled by the Sun, the most vigorous life energy provider, without it there would be no life on earth. Solar energy is required by plants for producing food, fossil fuels, falling rain and for life in general. Sunrays contain antiseptic properties and produce vitamin D. However too much of sunlight can lead to sun burn and skin cancer. Confined to a room with no proper ventilation and lack of fresh air often tells on the health of the professional. To welcome the power of the sun, wearing a Ruby is beneficial. It attracts the red cosmic rays which symbolizes positive life force. Vibrations emitted by the stone rejuvenate the mind and the body. Low energy, lack of will power, poor concentration, sagging enthusiasm are activated by the deep red colored stone like ruby or its substitutes like star ruby, red garnet, red agate or red zircon. Red color is supposed to perk up circulatory system, detoxifying the blood stream of negative ions by infusing positive ions. Professionals become realistic about their goals and ambitions. Concentration increases, vision clears up, eyes pep up and this is the result of the vibration that passes through the circulatory system of the person wearing it. It is called the stone of life.Wear the most perfect ruby that can be got. Defective ruby or any of its substitutes should not be dull, smoky, cracked, chipped stained or have any defects.
Substitutes for Ruby are red Garnet; Carnelian star Ruby, Agate and red Zircon.

Pearl to ease work pressure

Gems for stressed outPearl is favored by the moon. It is a cold gem. The white color of these gemstones effectively soothes tired minds. Professionals who are getting overwhelmed by the enormity of the projects in hand, nervous about the outcome and emotionally overwrought will find peace and tranquility once more. This will help them in their performance since the mind will be at ease. Stress, tension whatever name you give to” “anxiety”, clouds the mind and prevents clear thinking. This condition often weakens the strongest and needs to be curbed. Pearl, it is believed has the ability to deflect negative thoughts and usher in calmness. In the 14th and 15th centuries a mixture of pearl powder and distilled water was used for curing “insanity’ i.e. depression and acute anxiety or nervousness. It has been mentioned in Birhat Samhita that pearl can “dispel gloom of even the darkest night on earth”.Physicians of yesteryears have believed in that the pearl has the ability to cure eight different types of ailments. This also includes eye problems. Staring at the computer for long periods of time can lead to dryness, itchiness and redness of the eye. Applying pearl to the eyes “cleans and strengthens the nerves (of the eyes)”. Today in Bahrain, where only natural pearls are allowed to be imported, a special concession has been given to the import of cultured pearls. This is only for medicinal purposes like treating eye problems, cystitis and impotency. Pearls are being used for medicinal purposes in China also.

While buying a pearl make sure it is not defective, has depression or is chipped or cracked. The luster should be bright and shiny. Buy the best pearl you can and wear it as a ring or a pendant, keeping it close to your skin.

Substitute for Pearl is Moonstone, which is favored by Moon also. It calms the mind, curbs impetuous actions and tranquilizes overtly emotional outburst. Hypertension is checked and balances the negative and positive emotions. Adularia, the most famous variety of Moonstone is expensive and is a good replacement for pearl. Its luminous radiation is the mirror image of the moon and its bluish white sheen sedates the mind. A moonstone has a liquid quality about it and as you twist and turn the stone a white ray which is the result of fibrous particles shifts and changes position. This is the hallmark of a genuine moonstone. White quartz, Snow quartz are average substitutes

Emerald for tired eyes

Emerald with its deep green color is ruled by the planet Mercury and has been effectively used in ancient time to soothe strained and tired eyes. It reflects the green cosmic rays of the planet. The color green is supposed to have a relaxing effect on eyes and many homeopath doctors still recommend walking on grass for weak eyes. Emerald and its deep green color reflect the green of the grass and leave and relieve diseases of the eye. The Greek philosopher Theophrastus in 273 BC wrote about the curative power of emerald and its effect on the diseases of the eyes. It’s a good talisman for the eyes. An emerald of the finest quality, color, and clarity is more valuable than a diamond. It is held in high esteem and this respect has come down the ages. It is believed, “He who possesses this chain shall enjoy the special protection of God”, as mentioned about the Mughal Emeralds in the annals of history.Emerald regulates blood pressure and related problems. It also helps overcome forgetfulness and keeps the mind alert. It also brings stability and harmony in life and treats emotional state such as anger or jealousy which is detrimental. It raises the spirits as the anger is controlled and it ushers in friendly energy. The green color is life giving and constantly works on improving emotional condition of the wearer. It is called a “deep healing color” and removes mental blockages from deep within. It works on migraines which might be result of work related. Keeping the stone in water under sunlight not only revives its energy but also using this water to bathe the eyes removes the headache. It is beneficial for any sort of eye related problems like watery eyes, poor eyesight, tired eyes, itchy eyes and burning eyes. When plagued with tired and red eyes, looking into the green color of the emerald comforts the eyes.

Remember to check the stone before buying. Should be clear, though emerald has natural lesions and this is the difference between a natural emerald and a synthetic one. There should be no scratches or depressions. Wear it as a ring or pendant, a place where it can be looked at easily.
Substitutes for Emerald are green Tourmaline, Malachite and green Aventurine, Jade and Blood stone with it dark green color and red flecks. It was widely used in Egypt for calming and grounding the mind and as a blood purifier. Jade is considered a very lucky stone by the Chinese. In China it is still worn by people who want to be physically fit and keep diseases at bay. It leads to emotional balance, improves vision and eye health and is considered to be the carrier of “wisdom of ages”. Dark green Aventurine works slower than the other stones but has the same powers. It keeps the vision fit, balances emotional negativity and detoxifies the blood. Green Tourmaline another good substitute enhances physical vitality infuses vigor and courage, balances the feminine and masculine aspects in a person and keeps the eyes healthy.

Blue Sapphire for creativity

Blue sapphire is ruled by the planet Saturn. It reflects the violet cosmic rays, is a cold gem and works on the mind. It also cleanses the mind and stimulates mental strength and intellectual precision. It increases determination and helps the wearer culminate the task in hand with grit and courage. Sometimes when one is over worked and each project/job seems impossible to complete this is the best time to take help of the strong blue color which is the most powerful color amongst all colors in the cosmic world. But a word of caution, being very powerful not everyone can wear a blue sapphire. It should be worn under strict supervision of an astrologer. As often mentioned it can either make you a king or a pauper. So wear it with caution.Blue sapphire works on the eyes as well. The powerful blue rays and its energy field nourish the mind and the eyes. It brings discipline to erratic mind and promotes positive thinking and helps you chose the rights thoughts to dwell there. It increases mental flexibility and changes incorrect attitudes, thoughts and beliefs. It works slowly on the mind and the eyes. The blue rays from this stone are soft but determined. It brings a balance between the negative and positive thoughts running rampant. It builds a bridge between communication and understanding. For IT professionals this balance is of the essence, especially those who are designing and conceiving new ideas and thoughts into something tangible. Creativity increases and new ideas can find successful implementation, problems tackled, solutions found and completed with ease. Substitute for Blue topaz are Lapis Lazuli, Blue Tourmaline, Blue Topaz and Aquamarine.

Aquamarine for sound sleep

Working under tight schedules and long hours often leaves the body sluggish. The mind gets tired and the body and mind cannot recoup after tedious and difficult day. At night sleep does not come easy as the mind is burdened with work left incomplete and one tosses and turns in bed all night waiting for the morning so that he may resume work. Such a situation is not beneficial for the body. The body and mind needs to relax and a good night’s sleep is very important. The blue color reflects the soft water of the sea waves has a calming effect on the mind. The soft blue color of the Aquamarine is the perfect example of the sea water. This stone helps the mind to unwind and relax. Tension melts away and the body eases off into the sleep mode. As a result the mind is refreshed and revitalized, helping in completing the tasks easily and with energy. Intellect is sharpened, clarity and precision is heightened and creativity flows easily. The powerful blue color is considered a “mental cleanser” since it carries a high electrical charge. It balances the negative and positive thoughts and brings in harmony between opposite thoughts. It helps in clarity and concentration and promotes clear and logical thinking. It is considered a good luck color for those taking and examination that is trying to over come some mental obstacle.

Topaz for better emoluments?

Topaz carries the powers of the planet Jupiter. It brings prosperity and fortune to the wearer. The yellow color, the color of gold/wealth is suitable for people who want to establish themselves and become financially secure and successful. It promotes health and wealth. It has the power to protect the wearer and heal problems associated with wealth and love. It is known as the ‘stone of true love and success in all endeavors’. The power of Golden Topaz also called Imperial Topaz is undisputed. Greeks and Romans had full faith in the stone protective powers as they believed it carried the light of the Sun. They believed that it would change color in the presence of poison, commonly used during those times against enemies and that it could offer protection against physical injury and accidents. It was worn as amulets to ward of evil. This stone carries energy of the Sun and can store energy for a long period. It is called ‘topas’ in Sanskrit meaning fire.
Professionals wanting to improve the quality of their lives and become financially secure will find this stone aiding in their pursuit. It enhances honor and prestige in literary, political spheres. It promotes a balance and a sense of well being. It is supposed to bring to the wearer happiness and cheer and prosperity. It is also thought to work on the mind and clearing negative thoughts that lead to depression. It is supposed to work on the eyes too.The perfect substitute for Golden topaz is the Yellow sapphire. The blue cosmic rays that are reflected from this stone herald’s success in life and lead to sound health. It represents the largest planet of the solar system. It signifies knowledge, wisdom and education. It guides the wearer to prosperity. It activates brain cell activity and leads to highest order of thinking and creativity. Citrine, Yellow Tourmaline and Yellow Beryl are good substitutes.

Coral for Physical fitness

This gem is considered as powerful or beneficial for any health related problems as Jade. It is a powerful stone ruled by the planet Mars. It emits yellow cosmic rays and helps to remove negativity from the body and mind thus leading to rejuvenation of the entire system. It works on the digestive system and this leads to better and fit health. It helps to restore balance in nutritional deficiencies. It works on the excretory system and wearing it assures proper elimination of waste products and toxins from the body. This leads to toxic free body, full of energy and fit to take on the challenges of the day and the office. The blood is fresh and circulation is effective as it is free of impurities. Coral is a stone for physical fitness.
White coral is used as a substitute.

Diamond for quality of life

Diamond works under the influence of Venus and the Sun. It is a hard stone and its element is the fire. Its energies work towards protection and power to the wearer. It also increases the power of other gemstones when worn along with it. It increases the power of the Emerald and the Amethyst in particular. It is supposed to infuse intellectual power, luck and success to the wearer. It is supposed to enhance the quality of life. Diamond is an ‘enhancer’ and deepens the good qualities of the wearer. The power of the diamond is directly proportional to its weight. The diamond to be worn should be absolutely clear of any spots and haziness.
A good substitute for the diamond is the white sapphire and white Zircon.

Conclusion

These are some of the important gemstones which carry all the seven colors of the sun which have been in use for their effective healing. There are many other gemstones which have healing powers too!.

Gemstones should be worn with faith and kept clean and energized. It is required to energize the gem oft and on. This is done by washing the stone, pendant or necklace with clean water and then keeping it in water under sunlight for a day. This will re energize the gem once more. It is also suggested that the gem be placed near the roots of a potted plant for a day for cleansing. Wear it carefully and keep it free from scratches or chipping.
While buying a gemstone make sure it is perfect. It should be smooth, flawless as far as possible and without any dent or disfigurement. It should not be chipped nor should it be scratched or chipped. It should be clear and smooth. It is better to buy a good stone if you want it to work well. The stone should generally touch your body as you wear it so that the sunrays passing through the stone can touch your body. This is when the energy will effectively work on you!

DIAMONDS FACTS AND BUYING GUIDE

by Sheweta Dhanuka

Diamond, the name is derived from a Greek word adamas, meaning unconquerable. It is considered as the ‘ King of Gems’. This is the reason why it is close to the heart of all the queens that is each and every woman on the universe. It symbolizes forever love and commitment among the partners. It is the stone for engagement and 75th wedding anniversary.

DiamondTo make the purchase of a genuine Diamond it is essential to understand all the 4C’s thoroughly as the 4C’s viz. colour, cut, clarity and carat weight determines the quality of the stone. The grading system is also based on these four characteristics. Buyers need to know these facts. Thus, this article offers all the necessary information about this gorgeous stone and also acts as a buying guide. Apart from the four crucial Cs, it provides information on other characteristics as well like certificate, use, origin, precautions etc.

Colour – It is the only stone that occurs in almost all colours but the highly priced and preferred diamond is colorless. Colorless stone inhibits brilliance and sparkles maximum. In this stone, light passes through one side to other easily and the reflection of light occurs to the fullest. Apart from the colorless gems, other chosen colours are blue and yellow. Few more fancy colours are brown, orange, pink and green. According to the Gemological Institute of America’s colour scale, colorless diamonds are priced highest while fancy colours are valued least. However, many people treasure bright and intense colored stones too.

Cut – This C is the most significant characteristic as worth and value of the stone is largely depended on it. The over all appearance and look gets enhanced with the efficient cut. Cut specifies the reflective qualities. In a well-cut diamond, light enters inside the stone from one facet and after covering all the sides, reflects back from the same facet to the eyes of the observer. This results in brilliant sparkle of light visible by the naked eyes of the spectator. When the stone is cut poorly then the light enters from one facet but instead of reflecting back it passes or leaks through the sides or the bottom of the stone.

The stone is graded on the basis of the classification of five types of cut. These are Ideal, Premium, Very Good, Good and Fair & Poor cut. In ideal and premium cuts, light is reflected brilliantly creating the sparkle in the stone. Ideal cut is valued most while fair & poor cut is least. The reflection of light and monetary value reduces in the same order.

diamondClarity – The formation process of this stunning stone is quite complicated thus, presence of inclusions in the stone is obvious. The clarity is determined on the basis of amount, size and visibility of the flaws. Flaws are of two type’s viz. inclusions and blemish. Inclusions are present inside the stone like air bubbles, cracks, fractures or traces of other minerals. While blemish appear on the surface of the stone such as scratches, pits and chips. Almost all the stone consists of flaws that can be viewed with either by naked eyes or magnifying loupe. No stone would ever seize similar flaws. For instance in few stones flaws would be clearly visible while in few it would be almost negligible. With the increase in the number, size and visibility of the flaws the cost decreases. However, absolutely clean and clear stone are also found but are very rare in nature.

Carat weight – Stones with small carat weight are found more easily than with higher carat weight. Larger stones occur seldom in the natural state therefore for such stone, per carat weight the price is more than that for the smaller size stones. One carat weight is equal to 0.2 grams. Stones in all sizes and weights are available in the market. Anything could be selected in accordance with the size and depth of the pocket.

Certificates – Diamonds are the stones most in demand and highly expensive. There are many dealers all over the world who sell imitations and semi precious stones at the price to true diamonds. Thus, in order to avoid all the doubts about the originality, certificates are given along with the purchase of the stone as the proof of quality and value. These certificates are also called as ‘Grading Reports’ that offer complete evaluation and details covering all the factors except for the price in terms of money of the stone.

The recognized diamond grading labs in world are Gemological Institute of America (GIA) and the American Gem Society (AGS). There are many laboratories issuing certificates across the world. Every lab maintains different standards. When buyers opt to buy non-recognized labs certified diamonds then it is better to ask for the credentials of the certifying labs. With the help of the certificates the buyers are enable to make a better choice among all the available options without any risk of the quality. When diamonds are purchased in loose that is without mounted in jewelry items then in such a situation, buyers should ensure to take the certificate.

Price – All the 4 C’s are together taken into consideration for determining the price of this exquisite gem. Colour, cut, clarity and carat weight carry equal weight age in deciding the price. Change in one characteristic can jeopardize the price of the stone completely. Colorless stones are valued most. Cut offering maximum reflection of light and sparkle is highly priced. Stone with minimum flaws is worth more. And finally with the increase in carat weight the price also increases. Rare occurrence of stone is responsible for the soaring prices. Thus, price of rare colorless diamond with no or negligible flaws possessing brilliant cut and high carat weight would touch the sky that is would fetch maximum price.

Shapes – Diamond cuts are different from the shapes. Cut implies reflective qualities in respect to sides and facets of the stone while shape is the outer appearance. This magnificent stone is a very tough stone thus can be given varied designs and styles. The ideal shape for this gemstone is round. This shape offers maximum brilliance and sparkle. Therefore, major part of the gems trade segment select round shape for jewelry items. Rings with oval shape diamond are suitable for the females having smaller and broad fingers as oval shape offers elongated look. In the same way pear shape is appropriate for average length fingers. And this shape makes striking pendants and earrings too. Some other commonly seen shapes are marquise, princess cut, heart, square, emerald etc. Few unusual styles are flower, kite, trilliant, triangle, cushion cut and many more.

Occurrence – This dazzling beauty is formed very deep inside the earth crust under high heat and pressure and comes to the surface via Volcanoes. Crystallization occurs only when precise minerals combines together in the required set conditions. It is found in transparent crystal form of pure carbon. Its unique physical and chemical properties make it a very special stone. It is the hardest gemstone and good conductor of heat. It exhibits highest refractive index, dispersion and fluorescence.

Source – India and Brazil were the first two countries to produce this amazing stone. Today, one of major supplier is South Africa. Few other countries are United States of America, Nigeria, Nairobi, Russia and Australia. The prime source of this glittering stone is Kimberlite, which is volcanic rock.

Enhancement – Natural colorless stones are not enhanced as the Mother Nature presents it in perfect form. However, the fancy colored stones are irradiated or heat-treated to enhance the colour.

Imitations -Today, many of the stones are synthetically produced in laboratories. It is more costly to produce this stone artificially than mining. But, due to growing demand and less supply many people in many countries are into the business of producing artificial stones. Semi precious stones and other stimulants like man-made glass are also sold in the market as the genuine diamonds. Therefore, buyers need be extra cautious when buying this captivating beauty as these imitations is sold at the price of true stone. The innocent buyers are deceived using the fancy trade names.
Uses – It is used in varied ways. Being a tough material, diamond tools are used to shape the lenses precisely and accurately for the eyeglasses. Similar tools are used in windows industry, space probes and manufacturing of computers and televisions.

This attractive stone make exquisite jewelry pieces that are treasured most by the females. Jewelries can be made of sterling silver, platinum, 14K or 18K white and yellow gold. Silver is used little less as it is not compatible with the worth of the stone. Hand crafted jewelry is also gaining popularity day by day. It is an important part of men’s rings and pendants.

Diamonds used for female jewelry items viz. rings, pendants, earrings or necklaces can be of any carat weight. As such there is no ideal weight. Higher the weight of the pocket of the buyer so can be the carat weight of the stone. This wonderful stone is very well paired with other precious and semi precious stones. While pairing, being more expensive it is generally in used in smaller sizes but more in number than the other stone in the design. The modern jewelry designers create all the ornaments in breath taking designs. Any type of setting can be used like prong or bezel. Buyers, while making the purchase of any item must ensure that settings are done well as there is high probability of loosing this precious stone.

Precautions – It is the hardest stone among all the gemstones found in nature. It rates 10 Mohs on the hardness scale. It is ideal for the daily wear jewelry. Only general gemstone precautions and care are required to be practiced for the everlasting retention of the stone.
Beliefs – In ancient times, it was believed to possess the power to protect against the evil and incurable diseases. Today, astrologers associate it with courage, good fortune and victory. It also promotes faithfulness and loyalty in a marriage. Moreover, people wear this striking stone as a status symbol and to gain special recognition in affluent society.

Men and women across the globe desire to wear this glorious stone in spite of it being an expensive and beyond the affordable range. This incredible stone even conveys intimate feelings to your partner in best possible way. Apart from the emotional feelings one strong reason to buy this stone is – buying diamond is an investment, as the worth and eminence remain same forever. Thus, everyone should acquire this asset once in his or her lifetime. So get started!!

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IMITATION PEARLS

by Binasaji

It is strange but when a real pearl is seen under a lens it has a smooth surface unlike in the tooth test where it feels gritty. This is due to the nacre of the pearl, which feels gritty but looks smooth. Imitation pearls will have a smooth appearance but under a lens they have a broken surface much like the surface of the moon.

Have you come across a perfectly matched strand of pearls at an unbelievable price – have a closer look and take a minute to check to see if they are real pearls or imitation pearls. These days it is difficult to spot an imitation pearl and a real pearl from a distance. The technologies in creating imitation pearls have advanced such that only a closer examination can reveal the origin of a pearl – whether made by a person or machine, created in minutes or formed inside a mollusk under the ocean for several years. China was the pioneer in creating Imitation pearls and now imitation pearls are manufactured across the globe.

Imitation pearls have a range of uses in several industries – Toys, Buttons, Fashion and Clothing, Artificial jewellery and many others. These pearls are used to make junk jewellery as well. Imitation pearls are fairly popular since they can be dyed into any color and are can be created in a variety of shapes from perfect spheres to ovals in any size. Called by several names like Faux pearls, Venetian pearls, Turkish Rose Pearls, semi-cultured pearls, Majorca pearls, Bohemian pearls, Organic pearls – the list of names for imitation pearls is long.

Imitation pearls are not gemstones and are manufactured manually or by machines. The process is rather simple. First, the desired shapes of beads in ceramic, glass or plastic are manufactured- sometimes even organic objects like shells are used. These are then coated and colored to recreate the look of real pearls. Several processes exist in the coating and coloring of imitation pearls. The coating used on imitation pearls (called pearl essence or essence d’orient) was discovered by a Frenchman named Jacquin. He found that fish scales emitted a pearly substance in water – he extracted this substance and mixed it with other chemicals to create the essence d’orient. This product is normally used to coat the beads to give them a pearly appearance. Hollow glass beads are coated inside with pearlessence and then filled with wax. Plastic beads are coated on the outside with this substance. These coated glass and plastic beads are then dipped in various solutions to give them a high luster and gloss.

The Majorca imitation pearls are renowned for their high quality and offer guarantees against chipping, discoloration etc. The technology behind manufacturing of these pearls is a closely guarded secret. Hand and machine made special nuclei are coated several times with high quality essence d’orient or other chemicals, polished, given a protective coating again and finally treated under ultraviolet radiation to give them a luster and radiance comparable to cultured pearls. Although Majorca pearls are imitation, with good care, they can last for a long time.

Another method of making imitation pearls is to coat beads with real pearl powder (which can be expensive). Some companies even compress rose petals to make rose smelling pearls. Another form of imitation pearls is coating shell, ceramic beads with lacquer, shiny mica and other metallic substances to give it the glow of pearls.

Just like cultured and natural pearls, imitation pearls too can be of differing qualities. The Majorca pearls are some of the most expensive imitation pearls. The price of the imitation pearls depends mainly on the coating used – pearl powder and good quality essence d’orient veneer will be more expensive than mica covered beads. A strand of Imitation pearls can cost anywhere from twenty to a hundred dollars. A very good quality strand of Majorcan pearls could even cost a little more.

If you are interested in buying real pearls, knowing how to differentiate between real and imitation pearls will assist you in making the right choice.

The simplest and easiest way is to rub the strand of pearls lightly along your teeth, if it feels smooth – it is imitation. Real pearls do not have a uniform surface and the nacre feels gritty on your teeth. But this test needs to be done very carefully since our tooth enamel is harder than pearls and can result in scratches on the pearl. Also some high quality imitation Majorcan pearls will pass the tooth test as they are manufactured with great care and replicate real pearls in every aspect.

Another easy way to gauge the authenticity of the pearls is to weigh them in your palms. Real pearls are solid inside and will weigh more than plastic imitations. But wax filled glass pearls, which are not hollow, will not pass this test, since their weight is almost the same as real pearls.

In a strand of real pearls, at least one pearl will be flawed. Also to find a flawlessly matched set of pearls is very difficult and these will be expensive. Pearl strands with perfectly matched colors, luster, shape and size are suspect, especially if the price is not high.

Examining pearls under a magnifying lens is another option to check whether a pearl is real or imitation. It is strange but when a real pearl is seen under a lens it has a smooth surface unlike in the tooth test where it feels gritty. This is due to the nacre of the pearl, which feels gritty but looks smooth. Imitation pearls will have a smooth appearance but under a lens they have a broken surface much like the surface of the moon.

Have a good look at the area around the holes of the pearls, real pearls being uniform throughout will not have any visible lines around the drilled holes or anywhere else in the pearl. The coating of imitation pearls can flake off during the process of drilling holes and the difference between the coating and the bead will be visible if the area surrounding the holes is carefully examined. The coating may be thinner around the drilled are and will have a cheap shiny finish, which is a result of the thinning of the coating on the inner plastic or glass bead.

All the above tests are reliable but the safest method is to buy from a reliable source and ensure that the price quoted is equivalent to the quality of the pearls. A flawless set of pearls is expensive and depends on the type of pearl – freshwater, cultured – the region it is sourced from – Tahiti, China, Japan, Australia and its color, luster, size and shape.

Imitation is the best form of flattery and in pearls as with everything else, the booming imitation market is proof that pearls are extremely popular.

Watch Buying guide

Watch Buying guide

by Seema susheel

Watch tells for how a man is. A watch is the most cherished gift a parent would give to his child for the first time on his 12th year to write the school examination. Watch is the only accessory that’s 100% worn by everybody. The Stone Age had the prehistoric man holding the club and going out to face the day; the modern man wears his watch and faces the outside world.

Watch tells for how a man is. A watch is the most cherished gift a parent would give to his child for the first time on his 12th year to write the school examination. Watch is the only accessory that’s 100% worn by everybody. The Stone Age had the prehistoric man holding the club and going out to face the day; the modern man wears his watch and faces the outside world. The watch serves the purpose of showing time and date, is a status symbol and also a fashion accessory to adorn any wrist.

Why would you want to buy a watch?

The purpose of buying a watch for most of the people is not just to see time which is the primary reason. There could be many more secondary reasons like the following.You are upgrading your existing watch; want to go for the latest design in the market. A design, which is happening and in fashion!

You want to keep a collection of amazing watches in different designs and styles to suite every dress and occasion. A watch to suite formal, casual and party wears. There are watches with different material such as leather, steel, plastic etc.

You have found a certain position in life, the kind you always dreamed of and you want to celebrate it with changing the existing daily wear watch to the hi-class expensive watch. A beauty on your wrist, showing your success!

This is the first serious watch buying you have set your mind on. You can choose from the brand which gives you best quality, design and guaranty.
You are looking at buying a watch to gift a friend, colleague, or for a wedding anniversary. You can go for the pair of women’s and men’s watch to suite a couple.

You want to buy an expensive watch as an heirloom for your grandchildren. You could go in for the Swiss classics which are proven for their style, class and are expensive with a good value appreciation.
Your new career challenges demand you to go for a watch with features that will make your life easier.

Types of watches

The basic division in watch is the woman’s and men’s watch. As per the characteristics of men and woman the watch designed for them also has similar characteristics like the woman’s watch is feminine, sleek, glamorous, studded with colorful semi precious stones etc, to suite her dainty wrist. The men’s watch is bold, bigger, and the design and features are made appt for a man’s wrist.As you have a special expensive dress for special events in your life there is wide range of expensive watches made of gold, platinum, steel, studded with diamonds, rubies, pearls etc to go for your special day. These expensive watches are worn by the elite and are one of ‘must haves’ we dream to acquire.

Many people would want a different range of watches to suite their lifestyle and personality. There is the sports watch to suite a person whose lifestyle includes outdoor activities. The sports watch will have added features like stop watch. A waterproof bigger dial with bold numerical is perfect for comfort as well as style.

There are many features like date and day, seconds in numerical, dual time zones, alarm facility, stop watch and watches where the dial glows in the night to show time. There are watches with changeable straps, different colors to match different dress.

In the watch industry new innovations and designs are making each watch different and interesting than the other, hence there are many watches all around the world to choose from.

Fix a budget

Money should be criteria for buying the watch as the watch should be worth the price and give you a hassle free performance. You can go for a little more expensive watch so that the investment is worth the price and you get good looks and good reliability with good service too. If it’s the only watch you’re going to buy and wear then you have to give it some more thought and put in money when you’re sure this particular brand promises latest style and performance. If you think a particular fashion is for few days and you are found of wearing different kinds of watches then you could buy the less expensive ones and use it till it lasts. You could even have many watches from low to high price range.

Watch maintenance criteria

There are two kinds of working in watches one is automatic and the other is quartz.Quartz is the most used watch worldwide. Once you buy a watch you have to also think of the future service needs the watch will require. Like are there enough company approved service centers in the city you stay. You have to take care to buy the watch from a authorized dealer as in case if something goes wrong with your watch the manufacturer won’t give you a guarantee if its not purchased from a authorized dealer You have to take care that the features the company provides in the watch have maintenance facility for these features in the service centers.

For example if you want to go for a eco-drive watch where in the battery is charged by the light energy then before buying this expensive piece you should know whether the company can provide assurance that the watch will work without any problems and there are service centers in your city to provide service. You don’t want unnecessary headache after paying a huge amount. If you want to buy a water resistant watch then make sure you are buying from a reputed company as the watch should actually be water resistant. Many companies subject the watches to tests which determine whether the watch can resist water even in deep waters. Make sure that your watch comes with a guarantee as depending on the manufacturer some give 1 year guarantee some provide lifetime guarantee, see that you buy a watch complete with case and the informational material and the guarantee card.

BLACK PEARL BUYING GUIDE

by Sheweta Dhanuka

These are procured only from the land of Tahiti. Pinctada Margaritifera or black-lipped oysters are grown in the waters of French Polynesia and the Cook Islands. The pearls are produced in the womb of these oysters.

Black Pearl NecklaceBlack Pearls are exceptional variety of pearls that every woman having known its grandeur would yearn for the jewelry holding these pearls. Frenchman, Jean-Marie Dormand was the father of cultured black pearl farming. The first harvesting of black pearl was done in the year 1965. It was exported foremost in 1972 and since then it has seen the robust growth.To make the purchase of genuine pearls at the correct price is a tough task. While buying it if the buyers have no information then it is suicidal and even little knowledge might turn to be treacherous. In such circumstances buyers should put off the plan of purchase for a moment and search out the complete know-how about it then after ensue for the acquisition. This content aims to proffer the buyers with the preeminent reliable and comprehensive information about these elite pearls.

Black Pearls are also called South Sea Black pearls. These are procured only from the land of Tahiti. Pinctada Margaritifera or black-lipped oysters are grown in the waters of French Polynesia and the Cook Islands. The pearls are produced in the womb of these oysters. With the attempt to facilitate the purchase of true black pearls government of Tahiti had laid down few regulations. These rules have to be followed by the sellers as the legal rules and by the buyers as the buying guide. It begins with size, nacre thickness, luster, surface quality, natural colour and shape. Some more characteristics are discussed to provide additional information about this extremely precious gift.

Size : The size of pearls is articulated in terms of the diameter and the unit used is millimeters (mm). It is measured in two ways. First is by the shortest diameter and secondly it is measured along the two diameters -the longest and the one after it. Round and semi round shapes are measured by the first while the rest three are measured in second way. The accepted size of black pearls gauge between 9-12 millimeters. The pearls measuring between 12-14 millimeters are associated as cream of the crop. Size between 14-16 mm is rare in nature hence are most precious and very expensive. More than 16mm is even more rare. Size more than 18mm is beyond the imagination and would fetch the price as high as sky. Buyers must ask for the micrometer and check the size of the pearl themselves in an attempt to evade all future bombshells.

Nacre Thickness : This characteristic determines the life and luster quality of the pearl. Nacre is the successive layers deposited on the nucleus surface of the pearl. It can be thick or thin. Thick nacre is more than or equal to 80%, less than this percentage is referred as thin nacre. Tahitian government allows the pearls with the thick nacre to be exported while the rest with thin nacre are rejected. Thick nacre enhances the look of the pearl as the effect body colour along with overtones and luster is doubled.

Luster : In layman’s words luster refers to the shine and gleam while technically it is the quality of the light reflections from the pearl’s surface. When light falls on the surface of the pearl it is reflected back in different directions from the internal layers of the nacre. Generally Tahitian pearls posses high luster yet it could be ripped into four that is very high, high, medium and soft. Very high luster means light reflections are brilliant while high luster refers to bright reflections. Medium is moderate reflections and weak reflection is soft luster. Dull luster is seen in the pearls with thin nacre therefore as pearls with thin nacre are rejected so is the pearl with dull luster. This characteristic along with the surface quality plays vital role at the time of pricing.

Surface Quality : Surface quality refers to the outer appearance of the pearl. As pearls are produced by the natural process it tends to have some or the other imperfection. Gemstones consist of flaws where as pearls have blemishes on it’s surface. These blemishes are easily visible by the naked eyes and as such no specific instrument is needed. The surface quality is split into four. These are Clean-Very Lightly Blemished, Lightly Blemished, Moderately Blemished and Heavily Blemished. These ratings are done one the basis of the smoothness and amount of blemishes on the surface. Tahiti government had made the rule that the pearls very poor in surface quality (having blemishes more than the quality D) could not be exported and had to be sold within the boundaries of the country itself.

Quality A : This type is clean to very slightly blemished with very high luster. Slight blemishes imply less than 10% of the surface that even are concealed later on while making the drill hole. The surface is completely smooth. This type is quite rare in nature. Everyone seeks this clean surface quality but for buying it one needs bulging pocket.

Quality B : It is lightly blemished with high luster. Light blemishes refer to imperfections less than one third or 33% of the surface.

Quality C : This type is moderately blemished with medium luster. It is certainly more than one third but less than two third of the surface that is less than 66%.

Quality D : It is heavily blemished with soft luster. In this type the blemishes are fully concentrated and are more than in the two third of the surface that is more than 66%.

Natural Colour : Pearls from Tahitian land could enlist varied colours from the edge of the black lipped oyster that produces it. The pearls seize black, blue, green, brown and gray body colours. Most of the pearls hold attractive overtones like lunar blue, silver, gold, gray-pink, peacock green, rainbow and reddish purple. Pearls are formed in diverse permutations and combinations of body colour and overtones. Overtones are the additional colours that increase the value in the economic terms. Pearls without any overtone are priced very less as compared to those having overtones. Further, regular deep black and gray with overtones of peacock green and rainbow are very costly.

Colours are created by the nature itself in the black-lipped oyster. The colours possibilities are ahead of the control of the farmers doing the oyster farming. However, few oyster farming theories suggest that the trace elements present in the water where the oyster grows might be the reason for varied body colours and overtones.

Shape : It is first and fore most characteristic of the pearls that ought to be studied by the buyer at the time of the purchase. There are five distinctive shapes of the Tahitian pearls.

Round – This shape had, is and always shall be most in demand. It is completely round sphere with diameter variation less than 2%. Perfect round shapes are procured rarely.

Semi-round – It is also round but a little imperfect in shape. The diameter variation rate varies from 2 -5 %. It is also known as off round or near round. To differentiate between round and semi-round shape, roll the pearl on the flat tabletop. If it rolls straight in one direction then it is round and if it deviates from the straight line it is semi round in shape.

Semi-baroque – This shape is not round but has as a minimum of one axis of rotation so that it could spin on a flat surface. It is could be found in four different shapes viz. pear, teardrop, oval or button.

Circled – This shape contains idiosyncratic bands, streaks, rings or grooves perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the pearl. These rings cover more than 75% of the pearl’s surface. Out of the total harvested cultured pearls this shape accounts for 30%.

Baroque – It is always irregular that consist of no symmetry. It cannot be spin at all as it does not have any axis of rotation.

Price : Price is ascertained from the surface quality, size, colour and shape. It decreases from quality A to quality D. The cost increases with the increase in the size of the pearl. Slight increases of minor 1mm can also make the cost increase drastically. Body colours with overtones are priced more than the pearls with plain body colour. Finally the perfect round is priced maximum and minimum for baroque shape. Black pearls are very precious and thus are expensive. However, it could meet all the budget restrictions. For example when it comes to reduce the price with the compromise in one of the characteristic then it should be shape. Shape is important but it does not affect the durability but only the look. Further, when all the pearls are strung together in the string the shape of the single pearl is not even noticeable. In case of jewelries holding single pearl the defect in the shape is veiled at the back and covered with the metal.
Occurrence : Pearls are produced in the womb of black lipped oyster. It is the miraculous amalgamation of animal and mineral cultivated by man. The farming of oyster requires stacks of care like when weather is stormy it needs to be engrossed in the lagoon where as during the summers it needs to be taken to the cooler place. The farmers coddle oysters as their own babies. Oysters are grown for minimum two years. At the time of harvesting barely 30% of the oysters cultured generate a pearl. The by-products of cultured pearl harvesting are mother-of-pearls as well as Keshi and Mabe. These are widely used for decorative purpose and jewelry like earrings, pendants, rings and broaches.

Imitations : Artificially black colored pearls are created but they lack the natural bright colour and high luster as that of original pearls. However, to produce something identical to Tahiti black cultured pearl is very difficult. To shun every single chance of getting befooled, make the purchase only from the truthful and reputable dealers.

Precautions : Black pearls are the most delicate darlings. In order to enjoy wearing pearls for the lifetime several precautions and care is required. Woman those who sweat a lot should avoid wearing pearl jewelry on a regular basis and must wear it occasionally. The acid present in the sweat ruins the durability, luster and shape of the pearl. It should be protected from vinegar, lemon juice, baking soda, cleaning agents like detergents or soap etc. and cosmetics such as hair sprays, perfumes and bleaches etc. Exposure to excessive heat could dry it off and make it prone to splits/cracks. Always ensure to remove it before going for a swim or wearing the dress made up rough fabric like Shetland wool etc.

At the time of taking off the pearl jewelry always clutch the shank or metal part instead of the pearl. This would evade the probability of loosening of pearl from the jewelry. After the use the pearls must be cleaned with the damped cloth. Once in a while it can be dipped in the slight salty water and polished with the drop of olive oil to maintain its luster. Home ultrasonic cleaner, steam cleaning and toothbrush are absolutely no-no for cleaning. Finally it must be stored in a separate jewelry pouch made up of soft cloth. Storing in any jewelry box is not recommendable as after some time due to lack of air pearls could get dry and be prone to breaks. Pearl necklace must not be worn when the string is soggy because then string gets dirty soon and cleaning it is very difficult. With the purpose to avoid the likelihood of loosing the necklace always restrung it once in the year. These precautions would enable you to retain the pearl and its jewelry.

Hard work, patience and utmost care gets paid off when mesmerizing black pearl is obtained. Farmers pamper black lipped oysters like infants then the amazing pearls comes into existence so we who own these pearls must continue to take care of these pearls like our own babies. Exquisite jewelries are created using it that makes the women look elegant and gorgeous. So be a good caretaker and look beautiful always.

Belly Button Piercing

Belly Button Piercing

by Binasaji

The Egyptians, the Indians and many other cultures pierced this humble button to show the significance of the person sporting a pierced navel – Royalty, Warriors, exceptional Beauty.

The best accessory for your smart new low waist pants is – Belly Jewellery. The look is hot and everyone wants it. Models, Actors, Singers and even the fashion-conscious teen down the road. And don’t think for a moment, Belly piercing is only for women. Men too are getting their belly buttons pierced for the nice look. Toned bodies are perfect for belly studs and even the not-so-toned bodies look better with sensual belly Jewellery.

The most commonly pierced part of the body is the earlobe. Multiple earlobe piercing became very common and the fashion makers needed something new – a new and attractive part of the body to wear Jewellery on. Soon Lips, tongues, navels, eyebrows were sporting Jewellery.

The humble belly button

belly piercedThis the part of our body that connects us to our mothers via the umbilical cord – is just a tiny piece of the umbilical cord left on our bodies as a reminder of where we really come from. The navel has always enchanted mankind. The Egyptians, the Indians and many other cultures pierced this humble button to show the significance of the person sporting a pierced navel – Royalty, Warriors, exceptional Beauty. The Indian saree is considered attractive because it is worn below the waist and shows off the navel.

There are a million options available in Belly Jewellery. Different metals, stones and designs. The two most common designs are the Belly rings and second are the bars. Piercing are done with either the rings or the curved bars. The curved bars have two balls at each end, to close the bars. Normally, these balls have inscriptions or pictures on them. The healing period differs from person to person, if can take from 4-16 weeks for healing to be complete. After the healing period, one can change their Jewellery as per their mood and clothes. Normally, Curved barbells are worn initially after the piercing as they allow for the safest and fastest healing. While selecting navel Jewellery, two measurements should be kept in mind – the width of a ring and the diameter of the bar, which refers to the length of the bar. Jewellery comes in varying sizes and thickness or the gauge of the piece. Thin Jewellery will have larger gauge numbers and
vice- versa. The typical size for a belly button ring is 14g 7/16″ but now belly rings in any gauge and in any length from a quarter to one inch are freely available.

Have you met anyone, who has got a piercing done with a material that does not suit them? The wrong material inserted into the piercing can create major problems – infections, allergies etc. There are several safe materials meant for piercing. Decide which one will suit your body to avoid problems later.

Belly Button Piercing Metals

The most basic and often used material is Steel. Plain or Surgical steel with acrylic or steel balls is used for piercing. The more fancy steel/acrylic balls have pictures or monograms on them. The other choice in metal is gold – 14carat or 18karat. Titanium, Silver is also used in making Navel Jewellery. Many women switch to a more pliable material during pregnancy, since it is flexible. So, if you would like more flexibility in your navel Jewellery, Teflon or Tygon is a good choice. While choosing piercing Jewellery, opting for metals, which are artificial or gold-plated, is not a good idea. After the wound is healed, you can use almost any material, if you are not allergic to it. Just remember, nickel is a common irritant. Do not use material with has nickel mixed in it.

The options in Navel Jewellery are endless. The Internet is great to order Navel Jewellery from the comfort of your home. Try the simple ones with just pictures of your favorite star or symbol for a start. The more expensive ones include authentic Gemstones in gold, silver or titanium. Swarovski , the world famous Crystal experts too have navel Jewellery options. The adventurous type can try dangling their favorite charms from their belly button piercing. If you are the perpetual party-goers, a company has introduced Belly Jewellery which is treated with UV radiation and it glows under fluorescent light. This is available in several colors, making it difficult to settle for just one. Another site offers navel Jewellery that can be changed like you change your earrings. All you have to do is surf the web for exciting offers and new ranges of navel Jewellery. And above all, if you do not want to your piercing to show, just hide it with any of the navel retainers. No one will know!

Belly button piercing is the second most pierced body part after the ears, with both men and women of all ages getting it done. The ring or bar which is inserted at the time of piercing is normally a little loose, just like comfort fit jeans. This is to mainly allow room for a little swelling. Later, you can get a more fitted ring if you prefer.

This year instead of gifting a regular bracelet or earrings, buy your partner a Belly Ring with her/his Birthstone on it and watch the expression on their face. Belly Jewellery is very sensuous – both to wear and watch.


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Caring for your belly piercing

Caring for your belly piercing

by Binasaji

The navel is a delicate part, the piercer should have at least 3-6 months experience in belly piercing. Normally the piercer will mark the spot to be pierced and only then pierce.

The Belly ring is hot and you have decided to get one for yourself. Great! Just remember that if you think that getting your belly pierced is just like getting your ears pierced, it is not. Right from the procedure to the aftercare, there is a vast difference between the two. Ear piercing can be done almost everywhere and is normally done with an ear-piercing gun but when it comes to belly piercing, there are special piercing parlors, which should be certified. These are private parlors and privacy is an important requirement while piercing any body part.

belly piercingThe piercing is done with a needle. The navel is a delicate part, the piercer should have at least 3-6 months experience in belly piercing. Normally the piercer will mark the spot to be pierced and only then pierce. A wrong marking can leave the belly ring in an awkward position and it can ruin the look completely. So be sure to visit a piercer who has enough experience.

The healing period is very important after the piercing. It can take anywhere from 4-8 months and sometimes even 12 months, for the wound to completely heal. The ring or bar used during the piercing is normally loose to allow for any swelling around the navel due to the piercing. Swellings around the navel are normal as is a little bleeding. If there is redness, it should disappear within 2 weeks.

During the healing period, you may notice some crust around the piercing and the navel ring or bar. This is just the body secreting a fluid that may lead to some itching and a crust. But be sure to make sure that it is not pus – a result of infection and can be dangerous. If infected with pus, the entire area will have a whitish tinge and will pain, when touched. Should this happen, get immediate medical attention.

Although on the outside, your belly piercing may seem healed after a while, it does take at least 8 months for the underlying tissues to heal completely. Once healed, the belly Jewellery may not move freely – this is because the skin grows tightly around it and makes it tight. You may need to wiggle the Jewellery slowly everyday till it loosens up. Do not force it to move. The belly button is delicate and can tear if forced. If you really want to, the belly Jewellery can be changed during the healing period, but it is advisable to leave the initial ring or bar for the entire healing period. In case, the belly Jewellery needs to be changed, go back to your piercer and ask him to make the change.

Hygiene is very important both during and after the piercing. Make sure the piercing parlor is clean and has a certification. Sterilization to kill all the bacteria is essential to avoid infection. The needle, any other piercing tools, the area to be pierced, the piercers hands or gloves should be sterilized in boiling hot water for at least 10 minutes or the piercer should use a disposable needle and gloves for the piercing. Even the navel Jewellery used should be opened in front of you. All these precautions can prevent infections and blood borne diseases like AIDS.

Before you bare your belly, ask the pierce r what is his procedure for aftercare? What type of equipment will he be using – disposable or reusable? What is sterilization method followed by them? How much experience does he/she have? Does the parlor have any certification? What is the material of the belly bar or ring which will be used for piercing? Only use nickel-free material while getting your belly pierced – Surgical Steel, Gold, Titanium or even Tygon. Most piercers use Steel as it has been proved to be safe. Only if the answers are to your satisfaction, go ahead and get your belly pierced.

After the piercing too, everyday Hygiene is of utmost importance. Make sure the pierced area is gently cleaned everyday with a Q-tip and some saline solution or any of the cleaning solutions available in the market – specifically for piercing. Your piercer may even prescribe medication to avoid infections. Take the entire prescribed course. At the end of a day, body secretions may result in a nauseating smell emanating from the belly button. Be sure to clean the navel area every single day at least once – and maybe even twice. But over cleaning can be disastrous. Cleaning your piercing two or three times a day is enough.

Touch the pierced area only if absolutely necessary and only after hands are clean. Do not allow any dirt or unclean objects to come in contact with your navel. If possible wear a plastic cap with some holes over your navel to protect the healing from rough contact.

Clothes, Water and Food – these are three factors to be given importance during your healing period. Avoid wearing tight clothes especially around the waist. If a button or zip or any other object accidentally brushes against the healing wound, it may result in opening the wound again. Water should be clean – after visiting a swimming pool, immediately clean your navel area after coming out. Protect your piercing from undue stress – it can lead to scarring, bleeding and infection. Eat healthy to energize your body with essential nutrients to help your body heal faster.

After your piercing has healed, you can change your belly Jewellery. Piercing can close if nothing is inserted in them for a long time and sometimes even in a short time. At least have a plastic tygon piece inserted when you are not in the mood to sport the belly ring.

Sensible and informed precautions can make for a
nice, new belly piercing which will give you a fresh, young look for a long time.


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